Peerage Record – 10142

     Rupert von der Pfalz, Duke of Cumberland was born on 17 December 1619 at Prague, Czech Republic^G. He was the son of Friedrich V von der Pfalz, King of Bohemia and Elizabeth Stuart, Princess of England.³ He died on 29 November 1682 at age 62 at London, England^G.
     He and Margaret (?) were associated. He gained the title of Duke of Cumberland.⁴ He and Hon. Frances Bard were associated circa 1665 A document exists purporting to be a marriage certificate between Prince Rupert and Frances Bard, but Cokayne refuses to comment on its authenticity.⁵ He held the office of First Lord of the Admiralty between 9 July 1673 and 1679.⁶

     Moritz Pfalzgraf von der Pfalz was born on 16 January 1620/21 [17 Dec 1620 O.S.].² He was the son of Friedrich V von der Pfalz, King of Bohemia and Elizabeth Stuart, Princess of England.³ He died between 13 September 1652 and 16 September 1652 drowned at sea, when his flotilla was lost near the Virgin Islands.^4,2
     He gained the title of Pfalzgraf von der Pfalz. He gained the rank of Commander in the Royalist Army.⁵

     Edward Pfalzgraf von Simmern was born on 5 October 1625. He was also reported to have been born on 6 October 1624 at The Hague, The Netherlands^G. He was the son of Friedrich V von der Pfalz, King of Bohemia and Elizabeth Stuart, Princess of England.² He married Anne de Gonzaga, daughter of Carlo I de Gonzaga, 8th Duca di Mantova and Catherine de Mayenne, on 4 May 1645 at Paris, France^G.³ He died on 10 March 1663 at age 37 at Paris, France^G.
     He gained the title of Pfalzgraf von Simmern. He gained the title of Herzog von Bayern.

     Charlotte Landgräfin von Hessen-Kassel was born on 20 November 1627. She was the daughter of Wilhelm V Landgraf von Hessen-Kassel and Amalie Elisabeth Gräfin von Hanau-Münzenberg. She married Karl I Ludwig Kurfürst von der Pfalz, son of Friedrich V von der Pfalz, King of Bohemia and Elizabeth Stuart, Princess of England, on 12 February 1650. She and Karl I Ludwig Kurfürst von der Pfalz were divorced circa 1657. She died on 16 March 1686 at age 58.
     She gained the title of Landgräfin von Hessen-Kassel.

     Ernst August Hanover, 1st Duke of York was born on 7 September 1674 at Osnabruck, Niedersachsen, Germany^G.³ He was the son of Ernst August I Kurfürst von Hannover and Sophie Dorothea Prinzessin von der Pfalz. He died on 14 August 1728 at age 53 at Osnabruck, Niedersachsen, Germany^G.³
     He held the office of President of the Council of Hanover between 1714 and 1728.¹ He gained the title of Prince Bishop of Osnabrück in 1715.³ He held the office of Prince Bishop of Osnabrück between 1715 and 1728.¹ He gained the title of Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg.¹ He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 3 July 1716.³ He was created 1st Duke of Albany [Great Britain] on 5 July 1716.⁴ He was created 1st Duke of York [Great Britain] on 5 July 1716.¹ He was created 1st Earl of Ulster [Ireland] on 5 July 1716.⁴

     Sophie Charlotte Hanover, Princess of Hanover was born on 12 October 1668 at Schloss Iburg, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany^G.⁴ She was the daughter of Ernst August I Kurfürst von Hannover and Sophie Dorothea Prinzessin von der Pfalz. She married Friedrich I König in Preußen, son of Friedrich Wilhelm Kurfürst von Brandenburg and Louise Henriëtte von Nassau-Dillenburg, Princess of Orange, on 8 September 1684.⁴ She died on 21 January 1705 at age 36 at Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany^G, from pneumonia.^4,2
     She gained the title of Princess Sophie Charlotte of Hanover.¹

     Friedrich I König in Preußen was born on 11 July 1657.¹ He was the son of Friedrich Wilhelm Kurfürst von Brandenburg and Louise Henriëtte von Nassau-Dillenburg, Princess of Orange.³ He married, firstly, Elisabeth Henriette Prinzessin von Hessen-Kassel, daughter of Wilhelm VI Landgraf von Hessen-Kassel and Hedwig Sohpie Prinzessin von Brandenburg, on 23 August 1679 at Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany^G.¹ He married, secondly, Sophie Charlotte Hanover, Princess of Hanover, daughter of Ernst August I Kurfürst von Hannover and Sophie Dorothea Prinzessin von der Pfalz, on 8 September 1684.⁴ He married, thirdly, Sophie Luise Prinzessin von Mecklenburg-Schwerin, daughter of Friedrich I Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Christine Wilhelmine Prinzessin von Hessen-Homburg, on 28 November 1708. He died on 25 February 1713 at age 55.¹
     He succeeded as the Kurfürst von Brandenburg in 1688.¹ He was created König in Preußen on 18 January 1701.⁵

     Henry VII Tudor, King of England was born on 28 January 1457 at Pembroke Castle, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales^G.² He was the son of Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond and Lady Margaret Beaufort.³ He married Elizabeth Plantagenet, daughter of Edward IV Plantagenet, King of England and Elizabeth Wydevill, on 18 January 1486 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.² He died on 21 April 1509 at age 52 at Richmond Palace, Richmond, London, England^G.⁴ He was buried on 11 May 1509 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.⁴
     He gained the title of Earl of Richmond on 28 January 1457.² He was deposed as Earl of Richmond before 12 August 1462.² He fought in the Battle of Bosworth on 22 August 1485 at Bosworth, Leicestershire, England^G.⁵ He gained the title of King Henry VII of England He was proclaimed king on the field of the Battle of Bosworth. on 22 August 1485.⁶ He was crowned King of England on 30 October 1485 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled ‘Rex Angliae et Franciae et Dominus Hiberniae.⁵‘
     After the defeat of the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury, 1 May 1471, he fled to Brittany with his uncle Jasper, and later, to France, where they made plans, with other Lancastrian exiles, for the invasion of England. His victory at Bosworth, and the death of Richard III there, enabled him to succeed in his claim to the throne, whereby he became King of England as Henry VII in 1485. He married Elizabeth the daughter of Edward IV in 1486 and they had eight children; notably Arthur who married the Spanish Princess Catherine of Aragon and who predeceased his father at the age of 16, Henry who later became Henry VIII, Margaret who married James IV of Scotland, and Mary. Henry VII had married solely for political reasons as Elizabeth was the heiress of the rival House of York. The merging of the houses of York and Lancaster ended the War of the Roses. However, after their marriage he fell deeply in love with her and was heartbroken on her death. During his reign Henry had few military concerns other than to put down a few minor pretenders to the throne and to suppress an uprising by the Cornish. He was a most able administrator and accumulated great wealth for the throne. He had a shrewd way of selecting the right man for the job and led the country from disorder into a position of great strength. He instituted the establishment of envoys in foreign countries and encouraged trade with the Continent. He also formed the Yeomen of the Guard at the Tower of London. In 1497, he backed the Italian John Cabot in a voyage from Bristol thar discovered Newfoundland and stirred England’s interest in North America.⁷ He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁸
     

     Elizabeth Plantagenet was born on 11 February 1466 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England^G.² She was the daughter of Edward IV Plantagenet, King of England and Elizabeth Wydevill. She and George Neville, 1st and last Duke of Bedford were engaged.³ She married Henry VII Tudor, King of England, son of Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond and Lady Margaret Beaufort, on 18 January 1486 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.² She died on 11 February 1503 at age 37 at Tower of London, The City, London, England^G, childbirth.² She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²
     She was also known as Elizabeth of York.⁴ After her marriage, Elizabeth Plantagenet was styled as Queen Elizabeth of England on 18 January 1486. After her marriage, Elizabeth Plantagenet was styled as Queen Consort Elizabeth of England on 25 November 1487.²

     Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales was born on 20 September 1486 at St. Swithin’s Priory, Westminster, London, England^G.² He was the son of Henry VII Tudor, King of England and Elizabeth Plantagenet. He married Catarina de Aragón, Infanta de Aragón, daughter of Fernando II, Rey de España and Isabella I, Reina de Castilla, on 14 November 1501 at St. Paul’s Cathedral, The City, London, England^G.² He died on 2 April 1502 at age 15 at Ludlow Castle, Ludlow, Shropshire, England^G.² He was buried at Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England^G.²
     He was created 1st Duke of Cornwall [England] on 20 September 1486.² He was appointed Knight, Order of the Bath (K.B.) on 29 November 1489.² He was created Prince of Wales [England] on 29 November 1489.² He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 29 November 1489.² He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 8 May 1491.²