Peerage Record – 10202

     Isabella of England was born in 1214 at Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England^G.^1,2 She was the daughter of John I ‘Lackland’, King of England and Isabella d‘Angoulême. She married Friedrich II von Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman Emperor, son of Heinrich VI Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman Emperor and Costanza I di Sicilia, Regina di Sicilia, on 20 July 1235 at Worms Cathedral, Worms, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany^G.² She died on 1 December 1241 childbirth.³ She was also reported to have died on 21 December 1241. She was buried at Andria, Sicily, Italy^G.³
     After her marriage, Isabella of England was styled as Isabella Kaiserin of Germany on 20 July 1235.³

     Eleanor of England was born in 1215 at Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England^G.² She was the daughter of John I ‘Lackland’, King of England and Isabella d‘Angoulême. She married William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, son of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabella de Clare, Countess of Pembroke, on 23 April 1224.² She married Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, son of Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester and Alice de Montmorency, on 7 January 1238.² She died on 13 April 1275 at Montargis Abbey, Montargis, Orléanais, France^G.² She was buried at Montargis Abbey, Montargis, Orléanais, France^G.² She was buried at New Temple Church, London, England^G.
     From 23 April 1224, her married name became Marshall. From 7 January 1238, her married name became de Montfort. She was a nun after 1265 at Montargis Abbey, Montargis, Orléanais, France^G.²

     Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England was born on 5 March 1133 at Le Mans, France^G.² He was the son of Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Comte d’Anjou et Maine and Matilda ‘the Empress’ of England. He married Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine, daughter of Guillaume X, Duc d’Aquitaine and Eleanor Châtellérault de Rochefoucauld, on 18 May 1152 at Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, Dauphine, France^G.² He was also reported to have been married on 14 May 1152. He died on 6 July 1189 at age 56 at Chinon Castle, Chinon, Berri, France^G, from a fever.³ He was buried at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud, France^G.³
     He and Rosamund de Clifford were associated.⁴ He was also known as Henry FitzEmpress. He gained the title of Comte de Maine in 1151. He gained the title of Comte de Touraine in 1151.² He succeeded as the 11th Comte d’Anjou on 7 September 1151.² He succeeded as the 13th Duc de Normandie on 7 September 1151.² After his marriage, Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d’Anjou, King of England was styled as Duc d’Aquitaine on 18 May 1152.² He succeeded as the King Henry II of England on 25 October 1154.⁵ He was crowned King of England on 19 December 1154 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled ‘Rex Angliae, Dux Normanniae et Aquitainaie et Comes Andegavaie.⁶‘
     He was the First of the Angevin kings. He was a powerful thickset, red-haired, freckled man. The name is derived from his emblem, the broom shrub, which bears the botanical name Planta Genesta later corrupted to Plantagenet. He spent much of his reign in France but did not neglect matters at home, carrying out important improvements in the legal system including widespread use of juries, and he did his best to ensure that justice was fair to all. He appointed his close friend Thomas Becket as Archbishop of Canterbury but once installed, Becket continually opposed him, particularly regarding the necessary reformation of the ecclesiastical courts. The King had the Pope’s backing and he called a meeting of the Great Council at Clarendon after which the Constitutions of Clarendon were issued. Shortly after, Becket fled the country. He returned in 1170 but promptly fell out with King. Henry was furious and cried out ‘Who will avenge me of this turbulent priest!’. Four knights who heard him mistook Henry’s meaning and straightway rode off to Canterbury and on Tuesday, 29 December 1170 murdered Becket in the Cathedral. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁷
     

     Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine was born between 1120 and 1122 at Château de Belin, Guienne, France^G.² She was the daughter of Guillaume X, Duc d’Aquitaine and Eleanor Châtellérault de Rochefoucauld.^3,4 She married, firstly, Louis VII, Roi des Francs, son of Louis VI Capet, Roi des Francs and Adelaide di Savoia, on 25 July 1137 at Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, Dauphine, France^G.² She and Louis VII, Roi des Francs were divorced in 1152 on the grounds of consanguity.⁵ She married, secondly, Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England, son of Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Comte d’Anjou et Maine and Matilda ‘the Empress’ of England, on 18 May 1152 at Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, Dauphine, France^G.² She was also reported to have been married on 14 May 1152. She died on 1 April 1204 at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud, France^G.⁵ She was buried at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud, France^G.⁵
     She was also known as Eleanor of Aquitaine.⁴ She was a member of the House of Poitiers.¹ She succeeded as the Comtesse de Bordeaux on 9 April 1137. She succeeded as the Comtesse d’Agen on 9 April 1137. She succeeded as the Comtesse d’Auvergne on 9 April 1137. She succeeded as the Comtesse de Saintonge on 9 April 1137.² She succeeded as the Duchesse d’Aquitaine on 9 April 1137.² She succeeded as the Comtesse de Limousin on 9 April 1137. She succeeded as the Comtesse d’Angoumois on 9 April 1137. After her marriage, Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine was styled as Queen Consort Eleanor of England on 19 December 1154.⁵

     William de Poitiers, Comte de Poitiers was born on 17 August 1153 at Normandy, France^G.² He was the son of Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England and Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine. He died circa April 1156 at Wallingford Castle, Berkshire, England^G.² He was buried at Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, England^G.²
     He gained the title of Comte de Poitiers.²

     Henry of England, Duc de Normandie was born on 28 February 1155 at Bermondsey Palace, Bermondsey, London, England^G.² He was the son of Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England and Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine. He married Marguerite Capet, Princesse de France, daughter of Louis VII, Roi des Francs and Constanza de Castilla, on 2 November 1160 at Neuborg, Normandy, France^G.² He was also reported to have been married in 1173. He died on 11 June 1183 at age 28 at Martel Castle, Martel, Quercy, France^G.² He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France^G.²
     Henry of England, Duc de Normandie also went by the nick-name of Henry ‘the Young King’. He was crowned King of England on 14 June 1170 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.³ He gained the title of King Henry of England on 14 June 1170.² He gained the title of Duc de Normandie.¹ He gained the title of Comte d’Anjou.¹ He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁴
     

     Matilda of England was born in June 1156 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.³ She was the daughter of Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England and Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine. She married Heinrich V Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, son of Heinrich X Herzog von Bayern and Gertrude von Sachsen, on 1 February 1168 at Minden Cathedral, Minden, Nordrhein-Westfahlen, Germany^G.³ She died on 28 June 1189 at Braunschweig, Germany^G.¹ She was buried at Brunswick Cathedral, Braunschweig, Germany^G.¹
     She was also known as Maud of England.

     Richard I ‘Coeur de Lion’, King of England was born on 8 September 1157 at Beaumont Palace, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England^G.¹ He was the son of Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England and Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine. He and Alys Capet were engaged.² He married Berengaria de Navarre, daughter of Sancho VI, Rey de Navarre and Sanchia de Castilla, on 12 May 1191 at Chapel of St. George, Limassol, Cyprus^G.¹ He died on 6 April 1199 at age 41 at Chalus, Limousin, France^G.³ He was buried at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud, France^G.³
     He gained the title of Duc d’Aquitaine in 1172.¹ He succeeded as the King Richard I of England on 6 July 1189.¹ He was crowned King of England on 3 September 1189 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled ‘Rex Anglaie, Dux Normanniae et Aquitainaie et Comes Andegavaie.⁴‘
     He spent his youth in France training as a soldier and later fought his father, Henry II, in England. In fact, he spent only six months of his reign in England. He married Berengaria of Naverre when on a Crusade in 1191. During this Crusade he captured Cyprus. On his way home he was taken prisoner in Austria and held to ransom. There is a nice legend that his faithful minstrel Blondel went from castle to castle strumming the notes of his master’s favourite melody. Upon reaching the place of the King’s imprisonment he was delighted to hear the answering response from his master’s harp. Richard spent only two short periods of his reign in England, the rest of time he was away on Crusades or in France. He was impetuous, brave and forgiving but had no political aptitude. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁵
     

     Geoffrey II Plantagenet, Earl of Richmond was born on 23 September 1158.¹ He was the son of Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England and Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine. He married Constance de Bretagne, Duchesse de Bretagne, daughter of Conan IV de Bretagne, Duc de Bretagne and Margaret of Scotland, Countess of Hereford, in July 1181.¹ He died on 19 August 1186 at age 27 at Paris, France^G, from an accident with his horse, while at a tournament.¹ He was buried at Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France^G.¹
     After his marriage, Geoffrey II Plantagenet, Earl of Richmond was styled as Duc de Bretagne on 6 September 1166.¹ After his marriage, Geoffrey II Plantagenet, Earl of Richmond was styled as Earl of Richmond on 6 September 1181.¹

     Eleanor Plantagenet was born on 13 October 1162 at Domfront Castle, Domfront, Normandy, France^G.² She was the daughter of Henry II ‘Curtmantle’ d‘Anjou, King of England and Eleanor, Duchesse d’Aquitaine. She married Alfonso VIII, Rey de Castilla, son of Sancho III, Rey de Castilla and Blanche de Navarre, in September 1170 at Burgos Cathedral, Burgos, Castile, Spain^G.² She was also reported to have been married in 1177. She died on 31 October 1214 at age 52 at Burgos, Castile, Spain^G.³ She was buried at Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain^G.³