Peerage Record – 10620

     Lord Frederick John Winston Spencer-Churchill was born on 2 February 1846.¹ He was the son of John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough and Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane.¹ He died on 5 August 1850 at age 4.¹
     He was also known as Frederick John Winston Spencer Churchill.

     Jennie Jerome was born on 9 January 1854 at New York, U.S.A.^G.² She was the daughter of Leonard Jerome and Clarissa Hall.¹ She married, firstly, Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill, son of John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough and Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane, on 15 April 1874 at The British Embassy, Paris, France^G.¹ She married, secondly, Major George Frederick Myddelton Cornwallis-West, son of William Cornwallis Cornwallis-West and Mary Adelaide Virginia Eupatoria FitzPatrick, on 28 July 1900.¹ She and Major George Frederick Myddelton Cornwallis-West were divorced in 1913.¹ She married, thirdly, Montague Phippen Porch on 1 June 1918.¹ She died on 29 June 1921 at age 67 at London, England^G.³
     She was also known as Jeanette.² From 15 April 1874, her married name became Spencer-Churchill.¹ From 28 July 1900, her married name became Cornwallis-West. She was appointed Dame of Grace, Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem (D.St.J.)¹ From 1 June 1918, her married name became Porch. She was awarded the Imperial Order of the Crown of India (C.I.)¹

     Leonard Jerome was born on 3 November 1817 at Pompey Hill, Syracuse, New York, U.S.A.^2,3 He was the son of Isaac Jerome and Aurora Murray.² He married Clarissa Hall, daughter of Ambrose Hall and Clarissa Wilcox, in 1849.² He died on 3 March 1891 at age 73 at Brighton, Sussex, England.^2,3
     He was educated at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A. He was educated at Union College, Schenectady, New York, U.S.A. He lived at New York City, New York, U.S.A.^G.¹

     Major George Frederick Myddelton Cornwallis-West was born on 14 November 1874.² He was the son of William Cornwallis Cornwallis-West and Mary Adelaide Virginia Eupatoria FitzPatrick.² He married, firstly, Jennie Jerome, daughter of Leonard Jerome and Clarissa Hall, on 28 July 1900.¹ He and Jennie Jerome were divorced in 1913.¹ He married, secondly, Beatrice Stella Tanner, daughter of John Tanner, on 6 April 1914.² He married, thirdly, Georgette (?) on 15 April 1940.² He died on 1 April 1951 at age 76, without issue.¹
     He gained the rank of Major in the Scots Guards.² He fought in the Boer War.² He fought in the First World War.²

     Montague Phippen Porch was born in 1877. He married Jennie Jerome, daughter of Leonard Jerome and Clarissa Hall, on 1 June 1918.¹ He died on 9 November 1964.¹
     He was Colonial official. He lived at Nigeria^G.¹

     Rt. Hon. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was born on 30 November 1874 at Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England^G.¹ He was the son of Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill and Jennie Jerome.¹ He married Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill, daughter of Colonel Sir Henry Montague Hozier and Lady Henrietta Blanche Ogilvy, on 12 September 1908 at St. Margaret’s Church, Westminster, London, England^G.¹ He died on 24 January 1965 at age 90 at 28 Hyde Park Gate, London, England^G.⁴
     He was also known as Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill.² He was educated at Harrow School, Harrow, London, England^G.¹ He was educated at Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Berkshire, England^G.¹ He gained the rank of Lieutenant in 1895 in the 4th Hussars.¹ He fought in the campaign in Cuba in 1895.¹ He fought in the North-West Frontier in 1897, in the Malakand Field Force, where he was mentioned in despatches.¹ He fought in the Nile Expedition in 1898.¹ He fought in the Tirah Campaign in 1898.¹ He wrote the book The River War, published 1899.¹ He fought in the Boer War between 1899 and 1900 at South Africa^G, where he was captured, held as a POW, and then escaped.¹ He wrote the book Savrola, published 1900.¹ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Conservative) for Oldham between October 1900 and January 1906.¹ He held the office of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Colonial Office between 1905 and 1908.¹ He wrote the book Lord Randolph Churchill, published 1906.¹ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Liberal) for North-West Manchester between June 1906 and April 1908.¹ He was appointed Privy Counsellor (P.C.) in 1907.¹ He held the office of President of the Board of Trade between 1908 and 1910.¹ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Liberal then Coalition Liberal) for Dundee between May 1908 and October 1922.¹ He held the office of Home Secretary between 1910 and 1911.¹ He held the office of First Lord of the Admiralty between 1911 and 1915.¹ He held the office of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between May 1915 and November 1915.¹ He held the office of Minister for Munitions between 1917 and 1919.¹ He held the office of Secretary of State for War and Air between 1919 and 1921.¹ He held the office of President of the Army Council between 1919 and 1921.¹ He held the office of Secretary of State for the Colonies between 1921 and 1922.¹ He was appointed Companion of Honour (C.H.) in 1922.¹ He wrote the book The World Crisis, published between 1923 and 1929, in four volumes.¹ He held the office of Chancellor of the Exchequer between 1924 and 1929.¹ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Constitutional, then Conservative) for Epping between October 1924 and June 1945.¹ He wrote the book My Early Life, published 1930.¹ He wrote the book Marlborough, His Life and Times, published between 1933 and 1938, in four volumes.¹ He wrote the book Great Contemporaries, published 1937.¹ He was a member of the War Cabinet between 1939 and 1940.¹ He held the office of First Lord of the Admiralty between September 1939 and May 1940.¹ He held the office of Minister of Defence between 10 May 1940 and 1945.¹ He held the office of Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury between 10 May 1940 and July 1945.¹ He held the office of Leader of the Opposition between 1945 and 1951.¹ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Conservative) for Woodford between July 1945 and October 1964.¹ He was awarded the Order of Merit (O.M.) in 1946.¹ He wrote the book The Second World War, published between 1948 and 1954, in six volumes.¹ He held the office of Deputy Lieutenant (D.L.) of Kent in 1949.¹ He held the office of Minister of Defence between October 1951 and January 1952.¹ He held the office of Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury between October 1951 and April 1955.¹ He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1953 in Literature, for his six volume Second World War. He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in 1953.¹ He wrote the book History of the English Speaking Peoples, published between 1956 and 1958, in four volumes.¹ He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁵
     

     Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill was born on 1 April 1885 at 75 Grosvenor Street, London, England^G.⁴ She was the daughter of Colonel Sir Henry Montague Hozier and Lady Henrietta Blanche Ogilvy.^5,1 She married Rt. Hon. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, son of Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill and Jennie Jerome, on 12 September 1908 at St. Margaret’s Church, Westminster, London, England^G.¹ She died on 12 December 1977 at age 92 at 7 Princes Gate, Westminster, London, England^G.⁴
     From 12 September 1908, her married name became Spencer-Churchill. She was appointed Dame Grand Cross, Order of the British Empire (G.B.E.) in 1946.¹ She was appointed Commander, Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem (C.St.J.)¹ She was created Baroness Spencer-Churchill, of Chartwell in the County of Kent [U.K. Life Peer] on 17 May 1965.⁶

     Colonel Sir Henry Montague Hozier was born on 20 March 1838.² He was the son of James Hozier and Catherine Margaret Feilden.² He married Lady Henrietta Blanche Ogilvy, daughter of David Graham Drummond Ogilvy, 9th Earl of Airlie and Hon. Henrietta Blanche Stanley, on 28 September 1873.³ He died on 28 February 1907 at age 68.³
     He fought in the Second Chinese War in 1857.² He fought in the Abyssinian War.² He gained the rank of Colonel in the 3rd Dragoon Guards.³ He fought in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, attached to the Prussian Army.² He was awarded the Knight’s Iron Cross German.² He fought in the Franco-Prussian War between 1870 and 1871, as Assistant Military Attaché.² He was appointed Knight Commander, Order of the Bath (K.C.B.)¹ He lived at Stonehouse, Lanarkshire, Scotland^G.²

     Major Hon. Randolph Frederick Edward Spencer-Churchill was born on 28 May 1911.¹ He was the son of Rt. Hon. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill and Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill.¹ He married, firstly, Hon. Pamela Beryl Digby, daughter of Edward Kenelm Digby, 11th Baron Digby and Hon. Constance Pamela Alice Bruce, on 4 October 1939.³ He and Hon. Pamela Beryl Digby were divorced in 1946.³ He married, secondly, June Osborne, daughter of Colonel Rex Hamilton Osborne and Cynthia Gertrude Keating, on 2 November 1948.³ He and June Osborne were divorced in 1961. He died on 6 June 1968 at age 57 at Stour House, East Bergholt, Suffolk, England.^1,4
     He was also known as Randolph Frederick Edward Churchill. He was educated at Eton College, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.¹ He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford University, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England^G.³ He gained the rank of Major in 1939 in the 4th Hussars.³ He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Conservative) for Preston between September 1940 and June 1945.³ He was appointed Member, Order of the British Empire (M.B.E.) in 1944.¹ He held the office of British Mission to the Yugoslav Army of National Liberation.³ He wrote the book The Six Days War, published between 1960 and 1968, as coauthor.³ He wrote the book The Rise and Fall of Sir Anthony Eden.³ He wrote the book Lord Derby, King of Lancashire.³ He wrote the book The Fight for the Tory Leadership.³ He wrote the book Winston S. Churchill: Volume I, Youth 1874-1900.³ He wrote the book Winston S. Churchill: Volume II, Young Statesman 1901-1914.³ He wrote the book Twenty-One Years.³ He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁵
     

     Hon. Pamela Beryl Digby was born on 20 March 1920.³ She was the daughter of Edward Kenelm Digby, 11th Baron Digby and Hon. Constance Pamela Alice Bruce.¹ She married, firstly, Major Hon. Randolph Frederick Edward Spencer-Churchill, son of Rt. Hon. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill and Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill, on 4 October 1939.¹ She and Major Hon. Randolph Frederick Edward Spencer-Churchill were divorced in 1946.¹ She married, secondly, Leland Hayward, son of William Hayward and Sarah Ireland, on 4 May 1960 at Carson City, Nevada, U.S.A.^G.⁴ She married, thirdly, William Averell Harriman, son of Edward Henry Harriman and Mary Williamson Averell, on 28 September 1971.³ She died on 5 February 1997 at age 76 at Paris, France^G, from a stroke.³ She was buried at Arden Farm Graveyard, Arden, Orange County, New York, U.S.A.^G.⁴
     From 4 October 1939, her married name became Spencer-Churchill.¹ From 4 May 1960, her married name became Hayward.⁴ From 28 September 1971, her married name became Harriman.³ She was awarded the Commander, Order of Arts and Letters of France.³ She held the office of U.S. Ambassador to France between 1993 and 1997.³ She was awarded the Grand-Croix, Ordre national de la Légion d’honneur in 1997.³