Peerage Record – 10193

     Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent was born on 5 August 1301 at Woodstock Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England^G.² He was the son of Edward I ‘Longshanks’, King of England and Marguerite de France. He married Margaret Wake, Baroness Wake, daughter of John Wake, 1st Lord Wake and Jeanne de Fiennes, circa 25 December 1325.³ He was also reported to have been married on 6 October 1325. He died on 19 March 1330 at age 28 at Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England^G, beheading, for supporting his brother King Edward II.² He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²
     He was created 1st Earl of Kent [England] on 28 July 1321.² He gained the title of 1st Earl of Arundel.²

     Eleanor of England was born on 4 May 1306 at Winchester, Hampshire, England^G.² She was the daughter of Edward I ‘Longshanks’, King of England and Marguerite de France. She died in 1311 at Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England^G.² She was buried at Beaulieu Abbey, Beaulieu, Hampshire, England^G.²

     Henry III, King of England was born on 1 October 1207 at Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England^G.³ He was the son of John I ‘Lackland’, King of England and Isabella d‘Angoulême. He married Eleanor of Provence, daughter of Raimond Berengar V, Comte de Provence and Beatrice di Savoia, on 14 January 1236 at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England^G.³ He died on 16 November 1272 at age 65 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England^G.⁴ He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.⁴
     He succeeded as the King Henry III of England on 19 October 1216.³ He was crowned King of England on 28 October 1216 at Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England^G, and styled ‘Rex Anglaie, Dominus Hiberniae, Dux Normanniae, et Dux Aquitaniae.^1,5‘ He abdicated as Duke of Normandy in December 1259.³ He fought in the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, where he was taken priosner by the rebellious barons.⁶
     He was only 9 years old when he came to the throne which he occupied for 56 years. While he was a minor the land was ruled by the Earl of Pembroke and Hubert de Burgh. His personal rule was weak and ineffective. Many followers from his wife’s country were given important positions and the English barons became restless. By 1258 Henry was compelled to hand power to these barons, led by Simon de Monfort. War broke out between the barons and Henry, and he was defeated and made prisoner at Lewes. He had to agree that a new Great Council or Parliament, as it was now called for the first time, be set up. The members of this parliament would be chosen half by the King and half by the barons. In 1265 his son Edward defeated the barons at Evesham and de Monfort was killed. After this, although Henry remained King, the real ruler was Edward. Henry’s most lasting contribution to his country was his advancement of the design of Gothic architecture. In particular he instituted the building of a new Abbey at Westminster and in Oct 1269 the relics of the Saint, Edward the Confessor, were laid in a shrine behind its altar. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁷
     

     Eleanor of Provence was born in 1223 at Aix-en-Provence, Provence, France^G.² She was the daughter of Raimond Berengar V, Comte de Provence and Beatrice di Savoia.³ She married Henry III, King of England, son of John I ‘Lackland’, King of England and Isabella d‘Angoulême, on 14 January 1236 at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England^G.² She died on 24 June 1291 at Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England^G.² She was buried at Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England^G.²
     After her marriage, Eleanor of Provence was styled as Queen Consort Eleanor of England on 20 January 1236.² She was a nun on 7 July 1284 at Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England^G.²

     Margaret of England, Princess of England was born on 29 September 1240 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.² She was the daughter of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. She was also reported to have been born on 5 October 1240 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G. She married Alexander III ‘the Glorius’, King of Scotland, son of Alexander II ‘the Peaceful’, King of Scotland and Mary de Coucy, on 26 December 1251 at York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England^G.¹ She died on 26 February 1274/75 at age 34 at Cupar Castle, Cupar, Fife, Scotland^G.² She was buried at Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland^G.²
     She was also known as Princess Margaret of England.

     Beatrice of England was born on 25 June 1242 at Bordeaux, Dauphine, France^G.² She was the daughter of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. She married John II de Montfort de Dreux, 2nd Earl of Richmond, son of Jean I de Dreux, Duc de Bretagne and Blanche de Navarre, on 22 January 1260 at Abbey of St. Denis, Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France^G.² She died on 24 March 1275 at age 32 at London, England^G.³ She was buried at Grey Friars Church, Greenwich, London, England^G.³
     From 22 January 1260, her married name became de Dreux.

     Edmund ‘Crouchback’ Plantagenet, Earl of Leicester was born on 16 January 1245 at London, England^G.² He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He married, firstly, Aveline de Forz, Countess of Holderness, daughter of William de Forz, Count of Aumale and Isabel de Reviers, on 8 April 1269 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.² He married, secondly, Blanche d‘Artois, daughter of Robert I de France, Comte d’Artois and Matilde de Brabant, before 3 February 1276 at Paris, France^G.² He died on 5 June 1296 at age 51 at Bayonne, Bearn, France^G.² He was buried on 15 July 1296 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.¹
     He gained the title of King Edmund of Sicily on 7 January 1254.² He abdicated as King of Sicily in 1263.² He gained the title of Earl of Leicester on 26 October 1265.² He gained the title of 1st Earl of Lancaster on 30 June 1267.² After his marriage, Edmund ‘Crouchback’ Plantagenet, Earl of Leicester was styled as Comte de Brie in 1276. After his marriage, Edmund ‘Crouchback’ Plantagenet, Earl of Leicester was styled as Comte de Champagne in 1276.²

     Richard of England was born circa 1247.² He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He died before 1256.² He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²

     John of England was born circa 1250 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.² He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He died before 1256.² He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²

     Katherine of England was born on 25 November 1253 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England^G.² She was the daughter of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. She died on 3 May 1257 at age 3 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.² She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²
     She suffered from muteness.¹