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Italian Rulers

Medieval Kingdom of Italy1
  Berengar I of Friuli (888-924)&nbsp
  Guy of Spoleo (889-894, rival king)&nbsp
  Lambert (894-898, rival king)&nbsp
  Louis of Provence (900-905, rival king)&nbsp
  Rudolf of Burgundy (922-926, rival king)&nbsp
  Hugh of Arles (926-948)&nbsp
  Lothair (948-950, co-regent 931)&nbsp
  Berengar II of Ivrea (950-963)&nbsp
  Adalbert (950-963)&nbsp

Kingdom of Naples and Sicily2
House of Hauteville – Dukes of Apulia
  Robert Guiscard (1059-1085)&nbsp
  Roger Borsa (1085-1111)&nbsp
  William (1111-1127)&nbsp
Counts of Sicily
  Roger I (1072-1101)&nbsp
  Simon (1101-1105)&nbsp
Kings of Naples and Sicily
  Roger II, the Great (1105-1154)&nbsp
  William I, the Bad (1154-1166)&nbsp
  William II, the Good (1166-1189)&nbsp
  Tancred of Lecce (1190-1194)&nbsp
  Roger III (1192-1194)&nbsp
  William III (1194)&nbsp
House of Hohenstaufen
  Henry (1194-1197)&nbsp
  Frederick I (1197-1250)&nbsp
  Conrad (1250-1254)&nbsp
  Manfred (1258-1266)&nbsp
House of Anjou – Kings of Naples
  Charles I (1266-1285)&nbsp
  Charles II, the Lame (1285-1309)&nbsp
  Robert the Wise (1309-1343)&nbsp
  Joan I (1343-1381)&nbsp
  Charles III of Durazzo (1381-1386)&nbsp
  Ladislas (1386-1414)&nbsp
  Joan II (1414-1435)&nbsp
  René the Good (1435-1442)&nbsp
House of Aragon
  Alfonso I, the Magnanimous (1443-1458)&nbsp
  Ferdinand I (1458-1494)&nbsp
  Alfonso II (1494-1495)&nbsp
  Ferdinand II (1495-1496)&nbsp
  Frederick (1496-1501)&nbsp
House of Aragon – Kings of Sicily
  Peter I, the Great (1282-1285)&nbsp
  James the Just (1285-1295)&nbsp
  Frederick II (1296-1337)&nbsp
  Peter II (1337-1342)&nbsp
  Louis (1342-1355)&nbsp
  Frederick III (1355-1377)&nbsp
  Mary (1377-1401)&nbsp
  Martin I, the Younger (1390-1409)&nbsp
  Martin II, the Humane (1409-1410)&nbsp
House of Savoy
  Victor Amadeus II (1713-1720)&nbsp
House of Bourbon – Kings of Naples and Sicily
  Charles (1734-1759)&nbsp
  Ferdinand IV (Naples: 1759-1806, Sicily: 1759-1816)&nbsp
House of Bonaparte – Kings of Naples
  Joseph Napoleon (1806-1808)&nbsp
  Joachim Napoleon (1808-1815)&nbsp
House of Bourbon – Kings of the Two Sicilies
  Ferdinand I (1816-1825)&nbsp
  Francis I (1825-1830)&nbsp
  Ferdinand II (1830-1859)&nbsp
  Francis II (1859-1860)&nbsp
  United with the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860

The Este in Ferrara and Modena3
Lords of Ferrara
  Azzo I (1196-1212)&nbsp
  Aldobrandino I (1212-1215)&nbsp
  Azzo II, the Younger (1215-1264)&nbsp
  Obizzo I (1264-1293)&nbsp
  Azzo III (1293-1308)&nbsp
  Fresco (1308)&nbsp
  Venetian, then Papal rule (1308-1317)
  Rinaldo (1317-1335)&nbsp
  Niccolò I (1317-1344)&nbsp
  Obizzo II (1317-1352)&nbsp
  Aldobrandino III (1352-1361)&nbsp
  Niccolò II, the Lame (1361-1388)&nbsp
  Alberto (1388-1393)&nbsp
  Niccolò III (1393-1441)&nbsp
  Leonello (1441-1450)&nbsp
Dukes of Ferrara
  Borso (1450-1471)&nbsp
  Ercole I (1471-1505)&nbsp
  Alfonso I (1505-1534)&nbsp
  Ercole II (1534-1559)&nbsp
  Alfonso II (1559-1597)&nbsp
Dukes of Modena
  Cesare (1597-1628)&nbsp
  Alfonso III (1628-1629)&nbsp
  Francis I (1629-1658)&nbsp
  Alfonso IV (1658-1662)&nbsp
  Francis II (1662-1694)&nbsp
  Rinaldo (1694-1737)&nbsp
  Francis III (1737-1780)&nbsp
  Ercole III (1780-1796)&nbsp
  Union with the Cispadane Republic (1796-1814)
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
  Francis IV (1814-1846)&nbsp
  Francis V (1846-1859)&nbsp
  Union with the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860

The Montefeltro and Della Rovere in Urbino4
Counts of Urbino
  Buonconte (1226-1241)&nbsp
  Montefeltrano (1241-1253)&nbsp
  Guido (1253-1296)&nbsp
  Federico I (1296-1322)&nbsp
  Papal rule (1308-1317)
  Nolfo (1322-1360)&nbsp
  Federico II (1360-1363)&nbsp
  Antonio (1363-1404)&nbsp
  Guidantonio (1404-1443)&nbsp
  Oddantonio (1443-1444)&nbsp
Dukes of Urbino
  Federico III (1444-1482)&nbsp
  Guidubaldo I (1482-1508)&nbsp
House of Della Rovere
  Francesco Maria I (1508-1538)&nbsp
  Guidubaldo II (1538-1574)&nbsp
  Francesco Maria II (1574-1621)&nbsp
  Federico Ubaldo (1621-1623)&nbsp
  Francesco Maria II (1623-1631)&nbsp
  Union with the Papal States in 1631

The Visconti and Sforza in Milan5
House of Visconti – Lords of Milan
  Matteo I, the Great (1287-1302, 1311-1322)&nbsp
  Galeazzo I (1322-1327)&nbsp
  Republic (1327-1329)
  Azzone (1329-1339)&nbsp
  Luchino (1339-1349)&nbsp
  Giovanni (1339-1354)&nbsp
  Matteo II (1354-1355)&nbsp
  Galeazzo II (1354-1378)&nbsp
  Bernabò (1354-1385)&nbsp
Dukes of Milan
  Giovanni Galeazzo (1378-1402)&nbsp
  Giovanni Maria (1402-1412)&nbsp
  Filippo Maria (1412-1447)&nbsp
  Ambrosian Republic (1447-1450)
House of Sforza
  Francesco I (1450-1466)&nbsp
  Galeazzo Maria (1466-1476)&nbsp
  Giovanni Galeazzo (1476-1494)&nbsp
  Ludovico Maria (1494-1499)&nbsp
  French rule (1499-1500)
  Ludovico Maria (1500)&nbsp
  French rule (1500-1512)
  Massimiliano (1512-1515)&nbsp
  French rule (1515-1521)
  Francesco II (1521-1525)&nbsp
  Imperial rule (1525-1529)
  Francesco II (1529-1535)&nbsp
  Union with the Empire in 1535

The Gonzaga in Mantua6
Captain-Generals of Mantua
  Luigi (1328-1360)&nbsp
  Guido (1360-1369)&nbsp
  Ludovico I (1369-1382)&nbsp
  Francesco I (1382-1407)&nbsp
Marquises of Mantua
  Gianfrancesco (1407-1444)&nbsp
  Ludovio II (1444-1478)&nbsp
  Federico I (1478-1484)&nbsp
  Francesco II (1484-1519)&nbsp
Dukes of Mantua
  Federico II (1519-1540)&nbsp
  Francesco III (1540-1550)&nbsp
  Guglielmo (1550-1587)&nbsp
  Vincenzo I (1587-1612)&nbsp
  Francesco IV (1612)&nbsp
  Ferdinando (1612-1626)&nbsp
  Vincenzo II (1626-1627)&nbsp
Line of Nevers
  Carlo I (1631-1637)&nbsp
  Carlo II (1637-1665)&nbsp
  Ferdinando Carlo (1665-1708)&nbsp
  Union with the Empire in 1708

The Medici in Florence7
House of Medici
  Cosimo the Elder (1434-1464)&nbsp
  Piero I, the Gouty (1464-1469)&nbsp
  Lorenzo the Magnificent (1469-1492)&nbsp
  Piero II (1492-1494)&nbsp
  Republic (1494-1512)
  Giuliano of Nemours (1512-1513)&nbsp
  Lorenzo of Urbino (1513-1519)&nbsp
  Giulio (1519-1523)&nbsp
  Ippolito (1523-1527)&nbsp
  Republic (1527-1530)
Duchy of Florence
  Alessandro (1531-1537)&nbsp
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
  Cosimo I (1537-1574)&nbsp
  Francis I (1574-1587)&nbsp
  Ferdinand I (1587-1609)&nbsp
  Cosimo II (1609-1621)&nbsp
  Ferdinand II (1621-1670)&nbsp
  Cosimo III (1670-1723)&nbsp
  Giovanni Gastone (1723-1737)&nbsp
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
  Francis II (1737-1765)&nbsp
  Leopold I (1765-1790)&nbsp
  Ferdinand III (1790-1799)&nbsp
  French rule (1799-1801)
House of Bourbon
  Louis I (1801-1803)&nbsp
  Louis II (1803-1807)&nbsp
  French rule (1807-1809)
House of Bonaparte
  Marie Anne (Elisa) (1809-1814)&nbsp
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
  Ferdinand III (1814-1824)&nbsp
  Leopold II (1824-1859)&nbsp
  Ferdinand IV (1859-1860)&nbsp
  Union with the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860

The Farnese and Bourbons in Parma8
House of Farnese
  Pier Luigi (1545-1547)&nbsp
  Ottavio (1547-1586)&nbsp
  Alessandro (1586-1592)&nbsp
  Ranuccio I (1592-1622)&nbsp
  Odoardo (1622-1646)&nbsp
  Ranuccio II (1646-1694)&nbsp
  Francesco (1694-1727)&nbsp
  Antonio (1727-1731)&nbsp
House of Bourbon
  Charles I (1731-1736)&nbsp
  Austrian rule (1736-1748)
  Philip (1748-1765)&nbsp
  Ferdinand (1765-1802)&nbsp
  French rule (1802-1808)
  Union with France (1808-1814)
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
  Marie Louise (1814-1847)&nbsp
House of Bourbon
  Charles II (1847-1849)&nbsp
  Charles III (1849-1854)&nbsp
  Robert (1854-1859)&nbsp
  Union with the Empire in 1708

The House of Savoy9
Counts of Savoy
  Humbert I, Whitehands (1000-1048)&nbsp
  Amadeus I (1048-1051)&nbsp
  Oddo (1051-1059)&nbsp
  Peter I (1059-1078)&nbsp
  Amadeus II (1078-1080)&nbsp
  Humbert II, the Fat (1080-1103)&nbsp
  Amadeus III (1103-1148)&nbsp
  Humbert III (1148-1189)&nbsp
  Thomas (1189-1233)&nbsp
  Amadeus IV (1233-1253)&nbsp
  Boniface (1253-1263)&nbsp
  Peter II (1263-1268)&nbsp
  Philip I (1268-1285)&nbsp
  Amadeus V, the Great (1285-1323)&nbsp
  Edward the Liberal (1323-1329)&nbsp
  Aymon the Pacific (1329-1343)&nbsp
  Amadeus VI, the Green (1343-1383)&nbsp
  Amadeus VII, the Red Count (1383-1391)&nbsp
Dukes of Savoy
  Amadeus VIII (1391-1440)&nbsp
  Louis (1440-1465)&nbsp
  Amadeus IX (1465-1472)&nbsp
  Philibert I, the Hunter (1472-1482)&nbsp
  Charles I, the Warrior (1482-1490)&nbsp
  Charles John Amadeus (1490-1496)&nbsp
  Philip II of Bresse (1496-1497)&nbsp
  Philibert II, the Handsome (1497-1504)&nbsp
  Charles II, the Good (1504-1553)&nbsp
  Emmanuel Philibert (1553-1580)&nbsp
  Charles Emmanuel I, the Great (1580-1630)&nbsp
  Victor Amadeus I (1630-1637)&nbsp
  Francis Hyacinth (1637-1638)&nbsp
  Charles Emmanuel II (1638-1675)&nbsp
Kings of Sardinia
  Victor Amadeus II (1675-1730)&nbsp
  Charles Emmanuel III (1730-1773)&nbsp
  Victor Amadeus III (1773-1796)&nbsp
  Charles Emmanuel IV (1796-1802)&nbsp
  Victor Emmanuel I (1802-1821)&nbsp
  Charles Felix (1821-1831)&nbsp
Line of Carignano
  Charles Albert (1831-1849)&nbsp
Kings of Italy
  Victor Emmanuel II (1849-1878)&nbsp
  Humbert I (1878-1900)&nbsp
  Victor Emmanuel III (1900-1946)&nbsp
  Humbert II (1946)&nbsp
  Proclamation of the Republic in 1946

  1. [S38] John Morby, Oxford Dynasties of the World (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1989), page 98.
  2. [S38] ibid., pages 102-103.
  3. [S38] ibid., pages 104.
  4. [S38] ibid., pages 105.
  5. [S38] ibid., pages 106.
  6. [S38] ibid., pages 107.
  7. [S38] ibid., pages 108-109.
  8. [S38] ibid., pages 109.
  9. [S38] ibid., pages 110-111.